Design principle and synthetic approach of intermetallic Pt-M alloy oxygen reduction catalysts for fuel cells

Developing high-performance Pt-M (M = transition metal) intermetallic alloy catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are key to achieving large-scale applications of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). It is urgent clarify the general rules design and prepare with high ORR activity stability. In this account, basic principles disorder-order phase in terms thermodynamics kinetics first introduced our recent efforts synthesizing fully-ordered nanocrystals (iNCs) well-defined L10-ordering structures described. Then effective strategies further enhancing stability L10-Pt-M PEMFCs exemplified. We hope that account will provide some significant insights into research development other electrochemical energy conversion technologies future.